Islet autoantibodies as precision diagnostic tools to characterize heterogeneity in type 1 diabetes: a systematic review

Department of Pediatrics, Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indianapolis, IN, USA

Jamie L. Felton, Gabriela S. F. Monaco, Arianna Harris-Kawano, Dianna Perez, Carmella Evans-Molina, Linda A. DiMeglio, Heba M. Ismail & Emily K. Sims

Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

Jamie L. Felton, Gabriela S. F. Monaco, Carmella Evans-Molina, Linda A. DiMeglio, Heba M. Ismail, Emily K. Sims, Jamie L. Felton, Linda A. DiMeglio, Carmella Evans-Molina, Arianna Harris-Kawano, Heba M. Ismail, Dianna Perez, Gabriela S. F. Monaco & Emily K. Sims

Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

Maria J. Redondo, Marzhan Urazbayeva & Mustafa Tosur

Division of Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA

Maria J. Redondo, Mustafa Tosur & Marzhan Urazbayeva

NIHR Exeter Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Academic Kidney Unit, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK

Richard A. Oram

Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK

Richard A. Oram, Kevin Colclough, Alice Hughes, Kashyap Amratlal Patel, Katherine Young, Angus G. Jones, Elisa de Franco, Sarah E. Flanagan, Andrew McGovern, John M. Dennis, Andrew T. Hattersley & Richard Oram

Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK

Richard A. Oram, Angus G. Jones, Andrew T. Hattersley & Richard Oram

Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA

Cate Speake

Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA

S. Alice Long

Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA

Suna Onengut-Gumuscu & Stephen S. Rich

Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

Zeb Saeed & Carmella Evans-Molina

Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA

Benjamin Hoag, Rashmi Jain, Kurt J. Griffin, Rashmi Jain & Kurt Griffin

Richard L. Roudebush VAMC, Indianapolis, IN, USA

Carmella Evans-Molina & Carmella Evans-Molina

Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Aurora, CO, USA

Dana Dabelea

Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA

Randi K. Johnson & Maggie A. Stanislawski

Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA

Randi K. Johnson

Royal Melbourne Hospital Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Parkville, VIC, Australia

John M. Wentworth

Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia

John M. Wentworth

University of Melbourne Department of Medicine, Parkville, VIC, Australia

John M. Wentworth

Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, USA

Kurt J. Griffin & Kurt Griffin

Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

Deirdre K. Tobias & Vanessa Santhakumar

Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA

Deirdre K. Tobias, Zhila Semnani-Azad, Marta Guasch-Ferré & Paul W. Franks

Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Jordi Merino, Anne Cathrine B. Thuesen, Mette K. Andersen, Christoffer Clemmensen, Torben Hansen, Mariam Nakabuye & Ruth J. F. Loos

Diabetes Unit, Endocrine Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

Jordi Merino, Sara J. Cromer, Raymond J. Kreienkamp, Aaron Leong, Camille E. Powe, Jose C. Florez, Marie-France Hivert & Miriam S. Udler

Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

Jordi Merino, Raymond J. Kreienkamp, Aaron J. Deutsch, Jose C. Florez & Miriam S. Udler

Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden

Abrar Ahmad, Monika Dudenhöffer-Pfeifer, Hugo Fitipaldi, Hugo Pomares-Millan, Maria F. Gomez & Paul W. Franks

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Rosie Hospital, Cambridge, UK

Catherine Aiken

NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

Catherine Aiken

Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

Jamie L. Benham

Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India

Dhanasekaran Bodhini

Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, SSM Health Cardinal Glennon Children’s Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA

Amy L. Clark

CIBER-BBN, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain

Rosa Corcoy

Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain

Rosa Corcoy

Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

Rosa Corcoy

Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA

Sara J. Cromer, Raymond J. Kreienkamp, Magdalena Sevilla-Gonzalez, Aaron J. Deutsch, Camille E. Powe, Jose C. Florez & Miriam S. Udler

Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

Sara J. Cromer, Magdalena Sevilla-Gonzalez, Tinashe Chikowore, Aaron J. Deutsch, Aaron Leong, Camille E. Powe, Jose C. Florez, James B. Meigs & Miriam S. Udler

Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

Daisy Duan

Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

Jamie L. Felton, Linda A. DiMeglio, Carmella Evans-Molina, Arianna Harris-Kawano, Heba M. Ismail, Dianna Perez, Gabriela S. F. Monaco & Emily K. Sims

Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

Jamie L. Felton, Linda A. DiMeglio, Carmella Evans-Molina, Arianna Harris-Kawano, Heba M. Ismail, Dianna Perez, Gabriela S. F. Monaco & Emily K. Sims

Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA

Ellen C. Francis

University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Pieter Gillard & Chantal Mathieu

Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada

Véronique Gingras

Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada

Véronique Gingras

Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Romy Gaillard

Division of Population Health & Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK

Eram Haider, Robert Massey, Adem Y. Dawed & Ewan R. Pearson

Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

Jennifer M. Ikle & Anna L. Gloyn

Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

Jennifer M. Ikle & Anna L. Gloyn

University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

Laura M. Jacobsen

Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

Anna R. Kahkoska

Helsinki University Hospital, Abdominal Centre/Endocrinology, Helsinki, Finland

Jarno L. T. Kettunen & Tiinamaija Tuomi

Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland

Jarno L. T. Kettunen & Tiinamaija Tuomi

Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Jarno L. T. Kettunen & Tiinamaija Tuomi

Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

Raymond J. Kreienkamp

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Lee-Ling Lim

Asia Diabetes Foundation, Hong Kong SAR, China

Lee-Ling Lim

Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China

Lee-Ling Lim, Claudia Ha-ting Tam, Chuiguo Huang, Gechang Yu, Yingchai Zhang & Ronald C. W. Ma

Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland

Jonna M. E. Männistö

Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Jonna M. E. Männistö

Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

Niamh-Maire Mclennan, Rebecca M. Reynolds & Robert K. Semple

Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

Rachel G. Miller & Tina Costacou

Metabolic Disease Unit, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy

Mario Luca Morieri

Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy

Mario Luca Morieri

Department of Orthopedics, Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, The Netherlands

Jasper Most

Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

Rochelle N. Naylor

Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA

Bige Ozkan, Mary R. Rooney, Amelia S. Wallace & Elizabeth Selvin

Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

Bige Ozkan

Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA

Scott J. Pilla, Sarah Kanbour, Sudipa Sarkar & Nestoras Mathioudakis

Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA

Scott J. Pilla

Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf’m Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany

Katsiaryna Prystupa, Martin Schön & Robert Wagner

German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany

Katsiaryna Prystupa, Martin Schön, Norbert Stefan & Robert Wagner

Section of Academic Primary Care, US Department of Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, CO, USA

Sridharan Raghavan

Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA

Sridharan Raghavan

Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA

Mary R. Rooney, Amelia S. Wallace, Caroline C. Wang, Debashree Ray & Elizabeth Selvin

Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia

Martin Schön

Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

Magdalena Sevilla-Gonzalez

Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

Pernille Svalastoga, Ingvild Aukrust, Janne Molnes & Pål Rasmus Njølstad

Children and Youth Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

Pernille Svalastoga & Pål Rasmus Njølstad

Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

Wubet Worku Takele, Gebresilasea Gendisha Ukke & Siew S. Lim

Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology in Diabetes, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

Claudia Ha-ting Tam, Chuiguo Huang, Gechang Yu, Yingchai Zhang & Ronald C. W. Ma

Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

Claudia Ha-ting Tam & Ronald C. W. Ma

Children’s Nutrition Research Center, USDA/ARS, Houston, TX, USA

Mustafa Tosur

Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA

Jessie J. Wong & Korey K. Hood

Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

Jennifer M. Yamamoto

Department of Diabetology, APHP, Paris, France

Chloé Amouyal

Sorbonne Université, INSERM, NutriOmic team, Paris, France

Chloé Amouyal

Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

Maxine P. Bonham & Gloria K. W. Leung

Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia

Mingling Chen

Health Management Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

Feifei Cheng

MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Tinashe Chikowore

Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

Tinashe Chikowore

Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Tinashe Chikowore

Department of Women and Children’s health, King’s College London, London, UK

Sian C. Chivers & Sara L. White

Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA

Dana Dabelea, Kristen Boyle & Wei Perng

Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Kovler Diabetes Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

Laura T. Dickens

Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

Linda A. DiMeglio

Biomedical Research Institute Girona, IdIBGi, Girona, Spain

María Mercè Fernández-Balsells

Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit Girona, University Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain

María Mercè Fernández-Balsells

Institute of Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA

Stephanie L. Fitzpatrick

University of California at San Francisco, Department of Pediatrics, Diabetes Center, San Francisco, CA, USA

Stephen E. Gitelman

Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Mark O. Goodarzi

Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Mark O. Goodarzi

Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia

Jessica A. Grieger, Nahal Habibi, Kai Liu, Maleesa Pathirana & Alejandra Quinteros

Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia

Jessica A. Grieger, Nahal Habibi, Maleesa Pathirana & Shao J. Zhou

Department of Public Health and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1014, Copenhagen, Denmark

Marta Guasch-Ferré

Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Sanford Children’s Hospital, Sioux Falls, SD, USA

Benjamin Hoag

University of South Dakota School of Medicine, E Clark St, Vermillion, SD, USA

Benjamin Hoag

Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

Robert W. Koivula, Katharine R. Owen & Paul W. Franks

Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

Aaron Leong & James B. Meigs

UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

Ingrid M. Libman

Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

William L. Lowe Jr.

Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada

Robert W. Morton

Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada

Robert W. Morton, Russell de Souza & Diana Sherifali

Department of Translational Medicine, Medical Science, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Tuborg Havnevej 19, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark

Robert W. Morton & Paul W. Franks

Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa

Ayesha A. Motala

Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA

Suna Onengut-Gumuscu & Stephen S. Rich

Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

James S. Pankow

Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Sofia Pazmino, Nele Steenackers & Bart Van der Schueren

School of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

John R. Petrie

Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

Camille E. Powe

Sanford Children’s Specialty Clinic, Sioux Falls, SD, USA

Rashmi Jain

Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA

Debashree Ray

Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Mathias Ried-Larsen

Institute for Sports and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

Mathias Ried-Larsen

Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

Zeb Saeed

AMAN Hospital, Doha, Qatar

Sarah Kanbour

Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

Denise M. Scholtens

Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan

Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu

Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA

Andrea K. Steck & Peter A. Gottlieb

University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

Norbert Stefan

Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM), Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany

Norbert Stefan

Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

Julie Støy

University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

Rachael Taylor

Sections on Genetics and Epidemiology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

Sok Cin Tye

Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

Sok Cin Tye

Gastroenterology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

Marzhan Urazbayeva

Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Bart Van der Schueren

Sorbonne University, Inserm U938, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, 75012, Paris, France

Camille Vatier

Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Reproductive Endocrinology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint-Antoine University Hospital, National Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Paris, France

Camille Vatier

Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

Wesley Hannah

Department of Epidemiology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, India

Wesley Hannah

Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

Sara L. White

School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia

Shao J. Zhou

Institut Cochin, Inserm U, 10116, Paris, France

Jacques Beltrand & Michel Polak

Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Hopital Necker Enfants Malades, APHP Centre, Université de Paris, Paris, France

Jacques Beltrand & Michel Polak

Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

Ingvild Aukrust & Janne Molnes

Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

Kristin A. Maloney & Toni I. Pollin

Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA

Hugo Pomares-Millan

Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Unit, IRCCS—Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

Michele Provenzano

Department of Medical Genetics, AP-HP Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France

Cécile Saint-Martin

Global Center for Asian Women’s Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

Cuilin Zhang

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

Cuilin Zhang

Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA

Yeyi Zhu

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

Yeyi Zhu

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

Sungyoung Auh & Rebecca J. Brown

Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada

Russell de Souza

Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

Andrea J. Fawcett & Jami L. Josefson

Department of Clinical and Organizational Development, Chicago, IL, USA

Andrea J. Fawcett

American Diabetes Association, Arlington, VA, USA

Chandra Gruber

College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

Eskedar Getie Mekonnen

Global Health Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2160, Antwerp, Belgium

Eskedar Getie Mekonnen

Department of Medicine and Kovler Diabetes Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

Emily Mixter & Louis H. Philipson

School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada

Diana Sherifali

Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA

Robert H. Eckel

Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

John J. Nolan

Department of Endocrinology, Wexford General Hospital, Wexford, Ireland

John J. Nolan

Division of Endocrinology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Skokie, IL, USA

Liana K. Billings

Department of Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

Liana K. Billings

Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

Anna L. Gloyn

Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

Maria F. Gomez

Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine and Kovler Diabetes Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

Siri Atma W. Greeley

University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA

Irl B. Hirsch

Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA

Marie-France Hivert

Department of Medicine, Universite de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada

Marie-France Hivert

Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Soo Heon Kwak

Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

Lori M. Laffel

Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA

Ruth J. F. Loos

Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA

James B. Meigs

Division of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK

Shivani Misra

Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

Shivani Misra

Department of Diabetology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre, Chennai, India

Viswanathan Mohan

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

Rinki Murphy

Auckland Diabetes Centre, Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand

Rinki Murphy

Medical Bariatric Service, Te Whatu Ora Counties, Health New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand

Rinki Murphy

Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

Katharine R. Owen

University of Cambridge, Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK

Susan E. Ozanne

Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

Toni I. Pollin

Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

Rodica Pop-Busui

AdventHealth Translational Research Institute, Orlando, FL, USA

Richard E. Pratley

Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA

Leanne M. Redman

MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

Robert K. Semple

Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

Jennifer L. Sherr

Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Arianne Sweeting

Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Arianne Sweeting

Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, OR, USA

Kimberly K. Vesco

Clinial Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark

Tina Vilsbøll

Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Tina Vilsbøll

Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany

Robert Wagner